CIAO DATE: 07/2013
Volume: 8, Issue: 1
January 2013
Ombudsman-Judiciary Relations and Judicial Ombudsman: Comparative Study Analysis (PDF)
SERDAR GÜLENER
It is obvious that there are some crucial problems about functioning of judicial organs in many countries as well as in Turkey in recent times. The main problems are long detention periods and long trial periods in judiciary. Many countries are in an effort to make reforms in their judicial systems in order to overcome these problems. Therefore, some countries seek for an increase in confidence towards more accountable and more transparent judicial systems without damaging the independence and objectivity of judiciary. In this paper, first of all, the role of ombudsman for accountable judicial systems will be analyzed. Then, the role of ombudsman in the public administration and the ombudsman-judiciary system relations in the axis of various experiences of some countries will be examined.
FERİDUN BİLGİN
The immigration of the Muslims of al-Andalus (Mudejares, Moriscos) caused Tunis to experience a virtual revolution as regards society, culture, economy, agriculture, art and science. Many cities and palaces were rebuilt in an Andalusian architectural style previously unseen in North Africa, the madrasas taught Andalusian science, irrigation came to be used in agriculture, many originally American plants such as maize and tomatoes came to be cultivated, and Tunis became the intellectual and scientific capital of North Africa. If it had not been for the immigrants from al-Andalus Tunis would have continued for centuries as a "bedouin" society. As a matter of fact a Tunesian poet indicated how important the immigrants were for the welfare of Tunis when he said: "With you each place you settle in is revived, you are like rain that falls on a waterless field! People see in you only good things because you are like the eye in the head of a man". The Ottoman governors in Tunis had not encouraged and supported the immigrants from al-Andalus to the extent of giving them immunity from taxes and had allocated to lands for agricultural production and had been effective in re-sprouting science and knowledge of al-Andalus to take root in Tunis.
Turkey's Strategic Culture and Reflection of Foreign Policy (PDF)
RAMAZAN ERDAĞ
Turkey has recently become a centre of attraction, deliberation and debate in world politics particularly in relation to its newfound dynamism and activism in foreign policy behavior. Having adopted a vigorous and multidimensional foreign policy approach instead of apathy and traditionalism in foreign policy, Turkey has come to embrace and implement a vital and powerful political position in regional and global politics. The architect of this new foreign policy, Ahmet Davutoglu, has put to the test a new political vision as a novel approach, which was embraced and criticized by many inside and outside the country. It is in this context that the subject of this study emerges: exploring the practical and theoretical aspects of Turkey's newfound vision in foreign policy behavior. The study introduces the concept of Strategic Culture and employs the theoretical framework of Iain Johnston. Turkey's new strategic culture and its reflections in foreign policy constitute the main body and study area of the study.
Cultural Perspectives on Human Development (PDF)
Omer Avci
In this study, the literature on the concepts of culture is reviewed. The relationship between culture and personality, culture and socialization and their effects on individuals are also investigated. Two models of living (i.e. agrarian and urban-industrial models) are analyzed, compared, and contrasted. As part of the agrarian and urban-industrial model analysis, child labor, fertility, and concept of virtue in agrarian cultures, not to mention benefits provided by agrarian societies are discussed. A cross cultural comparison is also included in the study. The effects of early socialization and schooling on the developments of individuals in various cultures as well as language socialization as part of acculturation process are discussed.
The Establishment of Military Dominance and its Effect on Democratisation in Turkey (PDF)
Abdulvahap AKINCI
As in several developing countries, the soldier-civil relation is also one of the most debated issues in Turkey. The interventions, which were carried out periodically in the time after electoralism, are the leading obstacles against the institutionalization of democracy. The military tried to find the ways to control the management even in the period when they left it to the civilians. In this context they placed their control into the constitutional basis. The military followed the way to establish the tutelage against the civil rulers within the established intuitional structure. In this study, the position of Turkish Military in the system has been tried to be examined. The reasons of the interventions, what aim was targeted during the process and the effects on the institutionalization of Turkish democracy were be studied. There are some rescue guarantees the military obtained after certain interventions. What these guarantees were also studied. It is concluded that in order to institutionalize Turkish democracy, it is necessary to put it thoroughly under control of the elected.
The Conception of Republican "Freedom" During the Modern Times (PDF)
FİKRET ÇELİK
As from the Roman period, the notions of Republic and Republicanism have been used in such a way to express a political regime and an ideological concept from time to time. Using the notion of public domination as the most important argument within the formations of nation-state during the XIX. and XX. centuries, the idea, which became popular again after the French Revolution during the modern period, gained a significant place among the political thoughts. However, the republicanism, which could not go beyond being a political regime and, (except from Rousseau's idea) find a place within the political philosophy in a great part of the nation-state era, started to get into an ideological rivalry directed at how to provide the thought of "freedom", together with liberal theory, which was developed individually and progressed within the phenomenon of globalism, as from the last quarter of the XX. century. But republicanism, which could not resolve its theoretical ambiguity of individual or social priority, started to coincide with the theory of democracy at some certain points, also in the meaning of emphasizing the universal and the local, at the point of what the arguments required for being able to provide the best freedom for citizens within a political regime would be. These arguments, which could be considered relatively new, will also determine the popularity of republic and republicanism among the societies and state governors during the post-modern period. This condition is important on behalf of stabilizing the significance of republicanism in the presence of many theoretical problems that are discussed within the political philosophy today.
BİLAL ERYILMAZ, AZİZ TUNCER
European Regional Development Funds, following its establishment in 1974, functioned to create a similarity among member states' policies, which were demanded to be put into practice in EU pre accession process. Turkish administrative structures are highly centralized. So, in spite of regional policies, especially related to development, being on the agenda in Turkey during certain eras, any institutional progress was not recorded. In 1990's, centralized administrative structures were under pressure of newly emerged economic and political conditions. Not only had the search of novelty by local level and private sector but also EU pre accession process necessitated the creation of Regional Development Agencies in 2006. This essay mainly focuses on the genesis of Regional Development Agencies by considering domestic and EU influence and try to shed light on the possible future of agencies.
Preference Factors Affecting Voter and Election Security:The Case of Sanliurfa Province (PDF)
FATİH BEREN
It is known that electors are influenced by various factors while making their political choices. The question of "which factors are effective on the attitude of electors" not only arouses the interest of political science but is also frequently encountered in field studies in different cities. Studies are further trying to find out which factors are relatively more dominant in shaping the electors' choice. The present study tries to find out "the factors effective on electors' political choices" in Sanlıurfa, a region open to the abuse of the terrorist organization, where people from different ethnical background live together and tribal customs are still part of daily life. In addition, "whether the security environment of elections is effective on electors' attitude or not" is a further question of the present study. From this point of view, to find out what factors influence the voting attitudes of electors living Urfa, some interviews performed using the ‘q' methodology with the people from Harran (people with a Arab-dominant background), Suruc (people with a predominantly Kurdish background), Siverek (where the tribal culture of living is still highly active), and some randomly chosen people from the city center.
ABDURRAHMAN BENLİ, ÖZGÜR TOPKAYA
Global economic recession that started in 2008 brought together several economic problems that caused imbalances in the global economy. Chinese economy is seen as one of the least affected countries among others. However, the country is also affected due to its export-oriented structure of the economy. As a sub-system of economic system, labor relations system of Chine reflect a different situation. Although the government enacted several laws, namely Employment Contract Law, Employment Promotion Law and Labour Disputes Mediation and Arbitration Law in 2008 in order to reduce the increasing number of labour disputes, the incidents still continue. The study aims to put forward the reasons as to why above mentioned laws were introduced and then try to discuss ill functioning of industrial relations system of China in recent years.
Identity, Power and Foreign Policy: An Analysis on Russian Balkan Policy from 1912 to 1913 (PDF)
HAKKI BÜYÜKBAŞ
Examining foreign policies of states from an angle of identity has recently become a widely shared approach. Structural realism, the dominant theoretical model in international relations, is thought to have an aspect of blocking/impoverishing analyses of foreign policies. For this reason, now it is widely shared that analyses of foreign policies within the base of national identities in the context of constructivism school are more fruitful. Therefore, the approach of analyzing foreign policies on the base of identity was quickly taken up seriously by the discipline of international relations and was widely adopted by experts of this discipline as an analytical model. Based on the thesis that nation/state identity influences foreign policy outcomes, this paper tries to apply this model to account for the Balkan policies of Russia that she followed during the period of 1912-13 as reaction to political developments in the Balkans, a subject matter that has been ignored so far. The paper tries to show that this analytical model is enriching foreign policy analysis and that it offers a better explanatory set of theoretical and conceptual framework.
A Page in Our Economic History of Thought: Mecmua-i Funun (PDF)
ÖMER KARAOĞLU
A series events which to pave the way for scientific specialism and positivism in the west affected the Ottoman traditional thought and knowledge. In this way, from the beginning of nineteenth century to Tanzimat period, Ottoman intellectual structure lived the changing process from the point of views of cultural and political. The liberal economic thought was effective on Ottoman elite because of the translated and original works, published journals and news and especially the effects of British diplomats in that process. The some of representatives of liberal side in Mecmua-i Fünun who was educated in Britain and they were under effects of Smithian and Ricardian economic thought. In this regard it seems that liberal view especially was represented by Münif Paşa, Mehmed Şerif and Ohannes Paşa. Their articles included the ideas on Ottoman's trade seeing and its point of being content with little . On the other hand Ottoman people was deprived of enterprising spirit. His knowledge accumulation was insufficient, so main problem was intellectual, not physical. Finally Turkish economic thought entered into the European theoretical and political impression in nineteenth century and this process was an important stage of Turkish modernism.
The Mavlavihana of Bilecik (PDF)
HASAN HÜSEYİN ADALIOĞLU, NİZAMETTİN ARSLAN
The Hamidiye Mavlavihana of Bilecik is a tekke (hospice), in other words a zaviye (zâwiyah), which has been active for a short period, between the years of 1911-1917 and 1925. After Ottoman Empire lost the Balkans, the establishment of a Mavlavihana in Bursa Yenişehir, instead of the Yenişehr-i Fenar Mavlavihana in Grecee has been decided. However the construction of the Mavlavihana in Bursa-Yenişehir couldn't be completed so couldn't function here in. Subsequently, the structure and the land of this Mavlavihana have been sold and with the income, a new Mavlavihana called as "Hamidiye Mavlavihana " has been built in the center of the Bilecik (Ertuğrul) sanjak. The first and the last postnişin (the leader of the dervish lodge) is Muhammed Bahaeddin Dede. Bahaeddin Dede was the proxy sheik of the Mavlavihana of Bahariye and the permanent sheik of the Hamidiye Mavlavihana . He has joined to the First Suez Offensive with two dervishes then remained the sheik of the Bilecik Mavlavihana until 1917 and 1925.
Political Determinants of Poverty Trap in Turkey (PDF)
MAHMUT BİLEN, MUSTAFA ÇALIŞIR
The factors which cause poverty trap change in each country. But, the most common and important factors are that individuals with low security, limited citizenship, disadvantage in location, social exclusion, limited job opportunities, income inequalities, the effect of illegal organizations in the society, authority owned by a narrow elite. In this study, power used by a few elite, one of the important factors as mentioned above, and poverty trap which is caused by illegal organizations are examined. In this context, this paper investigates the consequences of economic and social problems which are caused by poverty traps.
MUHARREM TOSUN, ŞULE ERDOĞDU
The current study involves the international aspect of Mevlana's invitation in consideration of symbolic statements of Masnavi. Translations play an important role in the universal dimension of these teachings. Translating Masnavi and commenting on Masnavi translation is a kind of job that is beyond the bounds of translation and translatorship. To spread Mevlana's invitation stated in Masnavi translations, when Masnavi translations are assumed just as a translation mission, the invitation of Masnavi does not gain international value.
Employment of Disabled People and Social Inclusion Relationship (PDF)
YUSUF GENÇ, GÜLDANE ÇAT
Disabled people who are one of disadvantaged groups of the society want to live with the society just like the people with normal life conditions. This research aims to provide the opportunity of employment and vocational rehabilitation to the disabled people experiencing social exclusion and thereby ensuring their integration with the society. The research was conducted at GülenYüzler Vocational Rehabilitation and Business Center which is affiliated to BELDE A.Ş., a subsidiary of Kocaeli Metropolitan Municipality. The research is a qualitative and quantitative research. Under theoretical framework, policies for disabled people, social security opportunities offered by employment, disabled employment methods, effects of sheltered workshops on social exclusion and inclusion, importance of vocational rehabilitation for disabled people, contributions of working life and social model approach on social inclusion/integration were addressed. It was seen that vocational rehabilitation centers are different from sheltered workshops and they pull the disabled people into working environment and include them in the production thereby ensuring progress in them. Participation in work labor provides income for the disabled, helps them establish a family environment, prevents social exclusion and integrates disabled people with the society.
Book Review (PDF)
RECEP ÖNAL
Book Review (PDF)
FİKRİYE KARAMAN