CIAO DATE: 05/2011
Volume: 8, Issue: 1
February 2011
Southern Sudan - Economic Security and Independence - A contradiction of Terms? (PDF)
William Morrell
This paper will provide an overview of the historical, political and economic situation in Southern Sudan in the run up towards its referendum on independence in January 2011. There is a strong sense that the South will vote for secession without full cognisance of the implications for its longer term peace and prosperity. The paper will review the correlates of war onset identified in contemporary research and assess their applicability to Southern Sudan at this important juncture. It will look for mitigating factors and explore strategies for securing the economy as a prerequisite to longer term peace and economic viabilit
Forensic Sector Reform: A Missing Piece of the Security and Justice Sector Reform (PDF)
Alan G. Robinson, Myriam H.C. Fillaud
This paper argues for the inclusion of Forensic Sector Reform (FSR) in any major Justice and Security Sector Reform (JSSR) program implemented in post conflict settings. It describes what is meant by FSR and why it is necessary to include it into JSSR programs. The paper analyses the procedural interconnectivity between justice institutions, emphasizing on the key role of the Forensic Sector within the criminal justice system. It discusses the consequences of ignoring this sector on any JSSR program. It provides a list of basic recommendations for FSR implementation in the field. Finally, it concludes that in order to effectively support the delivery of justice and truth 2 in post-conflicts situations and play a basic role in consolidating stabilization and recovery, the mandate of FSR experts could strongly benefit from having corrective powers. In post-conflict contexts where massive violations of human rights and international humanitarian law have taken place or are continuing to occur, the international community may employ one of two modes of assistance: Occasionally, as in the Balkans, massive resources have been deployed at relatively short notice to gather evidence of allegations of serious human rights and international humanitarian law violations through the exhumation of mass graves and determination of cause of death patterns and victim selection. Once these operations reach either their stated ends, or the end of their funding, the international community usually withdraws leaving behind two significant problems: First, a humanitarian crisis with numerous unidentified or mis-identified human remains and second, limited or non-functional local forensic institutions as Liberia.
Global Environmental Change and Human Security (PDF)
Shawn Donohue
Global Environmental Change and Human Security is a volume edited by Richard A Matthew, Jon Barnett, Bryan McDonald, and Karen L. O’Brien, which compiles the most recent academic debates surrounding the linkages between global environmental change and human security. Adding the human security dimension to climate change, or as referred to throughout this volume, global environmental change, connects the issues and challenges faced at the individual, state, and global level as environmental change not only impacts people’s lives and options but also puts pressure on governments in many fragile states and post-conflict states. The link between access to natural resources and poverty requires that academics and practitioners begin to look at the way in which environmental challenges may play a role in future conflicts.