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Final Report With Executive Summary
Carnegie Corporation of New York
1997
Ackerman, Peter, and Christopher Kruegler. Strategic Nonviolent Conflict. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 1994.
Ackermann, Alice, and Antonio Pala. "From Peacekeeping to Preventive Deployment: A Study of the United Nations in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia." European Security 5, No. 1 (Spring 1996).
Africa Conference of Churches. "Contribution of Christian Women at the Conference of Christian Churches of Congo." Kinshasa, July 25, 1997.
Africa Council of Churches. "Recommendations of the Conference of Christian Churches of the Democratic Republic of Congo." Kinshasa, July 26, 1997.
"Agreement Establishing the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance." Founding Conference, February 27-28, 1995.
Ahlström, Christer. Casualties of Conflict. Uppsala: Department of Peace and Conflict Research, 1991.
Ahmad, Makram Muhammad. "Turkey: Demirel on Ties With Syria, Terrorism." Al-Musawwar July 26, 1996.
Alexandratos, Nikos, ed. World Agriculture: Towards 2010, An FAO Study. Chichester, England: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and John Wiley and Sons, 1996.
Alger, Chadwick F. "Thinking About the Future of the UN System." Global Governance 2, No. 3 (September-December 1996).
Allport, G. The Nature of Prejudice. New York: Doubleday, 1958.
American National Interest and the United Nations: Statement and Report of an Independent Task Force. New York: Council on Foreign Relations, 1996.
Anand, Sudhir, and Amartya K. Sen. "Sustainable Human Development: Concepts and Priorities." United Nations Development Program, Office of Development Studies Discussion Paper Series (1996).
Annan, Kofi. Renewing the United Nations: A Programme for Reform. New York: United Nations, 1997.
"Anti-Russian 'Hysteria' Over Abkhazia in Georgia." Pravda, July 13, 1995.
Appleby, Scott. The Ambivalence of the Sacred: Religion, Violence, and Reconciliation. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, forthcoming.
Arias Sánchez, Oscar. "A Precondition for Peace and Prosperity in the 21st Century: A Code of Conduct on Arms Transfers." Speech to the State of the World Plenary Session, San Francisco, October 3, 1996.
------, the Dalai Lama, Donald Gann, Gururaj Mutalik, Jose Ramos Horta, Susan Waltz, Elie Wiesel, and Betty Williams. "The Commission of Nobel Peace Laureates' International Code of Conduct on Arms Transfers: A Joint Statement for Peace and Human Rights." New York, May 29, 1997.
Arms Control and Disarmament Agency. "U.S. Nunn-Lugar Safety, Security, Dismantlement Program." Arms Control and Disarmament Agency Fact Sheet, May 20, 1996.
Arms Control Association. "ACA Register of U.S. Arms Transfers." The Arms Control Association Fact Sheet, August 1996.
Axworthy, Lloyd. "The Ottawa Process: Towards a Global Ban on Anti-Personnel Mines." Washington, DC: Embassy of Canada, May 1997.
Ayoob, Mohammed. "State Making, State Breaking, and State Failure." In Managing Global Chaos: Sources of and Responses to International Conflict, eds. Chester A. Crocker and Fen Osler Hampson, with Pamela Aall. Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace Press, 1996.
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Azar, Edward E., and John W. Burton, eds. International Conflict Resolution: Theory and Practice. Sussex: Wheatsheaf Books, 1986.
al-Baharna, Husain. "The Fact-Finding Mission of the United Nations Secretary-General and the Settlement of the Bahrain-Iran Dispute, May 1970." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 22 (1973).
Baker, James A., III. The Politics of Diplomacy: Revolution, War and Peace 1989-1992. New York: G.P. Putnam, 1995.
Baker, Pauline H., and John A. Ausink. "State Collapse and Ethnic Violence: Toward a Predictive Model." Parameters 26, No. 1 (Spring 1996).
------. "Ethnic Conflict as a Pathology of the State: A New Conceptual Approach." Institute for the Study of Diplomacy, Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University, and the Fund for Peace, Washington, DC, 1996.
Baldwin, David. "The Power of Positive Sanctions." World Politics 24, No. 1 (October 1971).
Ball, Nicole. "The Challenge of Rebuilding War-Torn Societies." In Managing Global Chaos: Sources of and Responses to International Conflict, eds. Chester A. Crocker and Fen Osler Hampson, with Pamela Aall. Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace Press, 1996.
Bandura, A. Aggression: A Social Learning Analysis. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1973.
Banks, Arthur S., Alan J. Day, and Thomas C. Muller, eds. Political Handbook of the World: 1997. Binghamton, NY: CSA Publications, 1997.
Barkey, Henri, and Graham Fuller. Turkey's Kurdish Question. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 1998.
Barton, John H., ed. Toward Strengthening International Mediation and Arbitration for Preventing Deadly Conflict. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, forthcoming.
BBC International Press Office. "BBC Brings 'Democracy' to Russians." November 30, 1994.
Becker, Elizabeth. "A U.N. Success Story." New York Times, April 28, 1995.
Bedford, Eleanor. "Site Visit to Eastern Congo/Zaire: Analysis of Humanitarian and Political Issues." USCR Site Visit Notes. Washington, DC: U.S. Committee for Refugees, 1997.
Berger, Suzanne, and Ronald Dore, eds. National Diversity and Global Capitalism. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1996.
Beschloss, Michael, and Strobe Talbott. At the Highest Levels: The Inside Story of the End of the Cold War. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1993.
Bialer, Seweryn. "The Changing Soviet Political System: The Nineteenth Party Conference and After." In Politics, Society and Nationality Inside Gorbachev's Russia, ed. Seweryn Bialer. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1989.
Bissell, Richard E. "The Resource Dimension of International Conflict." In Managing Global Chaos: Sources of and Responses to International Conflict, eds. Chester A. Crocker and Fen Osler Hampson, with Pamela Aall. Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace Press, 1996.
de la Blaze, Felipe A.M. Remaking the Argentine Economy. New York: Council on Foreign Relations Press, 1995.
Blustein, Paul. "A Loan Amid the Ruins." Washington Post, February 13, 1996.
Boudreau, Thomas E. Sheathing the Sword: The U.N. Secretary-General and the Prevention of International Conflict. New York: Greenwood Press, 1991.
Boutros-Ghali, Boutros. "Leadership and Conflict." In Leadership. Washington, DC: Carnegie Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict, forthcoming.
___. "Challenges of Preventive Diplomacy: The Role of the United Nations and Its Secretary-General." In Preventive Diplomacy: Stopping Wars Before They Start, ed. Kevin M. Cahill. New York: Basic Books, 1996.
___. An Agenda for Development. New York: United Nations, 1995.
___, George Bush, Jimmy Carter, and Mikhail Gorbachev. Leadership. Washington, DC: Carnegie Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict, forthcoming.
Bremer, Stuart. "Democracy and Militarized Interstate Conflict, 1816-1965." International Interactions 18, No. 3 (1993).
___. "Dangerous Dyads: Conditions Affecting the Likelihood of Interstate War, 1816-1965." Journal of Conflict Resolution 36, No. 2 (June 1992).
Brewer, M., and R. Kramer. "The Psychology of Intergroup Attitudes and Behavior." Annual Review of Psychology 36 (1985).
British American Security Information Council (BASIC). "Chronicling an Absence of Restraint: The 1995 UN Arms Register." Basic Papers, No. 13, November 3, 1995.
___, and Arias Foundation for Peace and Human Progress. "The International Code of Conduct on Arms Transfers: Fact Sheet." May 1997.
Brown, Lester R. "The Acceleration of History." In State of the World 1996, ed. Linda Starke. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1996.
Brown, Michael E., ed. The International Dimensions of Internal Conflict. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1996.
Brown, Michael E., Sean M. Lynn-Jones, and Steven E. Miller, eds. Debating the Democratic Peace. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1996.
Brown, Michael E., and Richard N. Rosecrance, eds. The Cost-Effectiveness of Conflict Prevention. Lanham, MD: Roman & Littlefield, forthcoming.
Burton, John. Conflict: Resolution and Prevention. New York, NY: St. Martin's Press, 1990.
Bush, George. "American Leadership and the Prevention of Deadly Conflict." In Leadership. Washington, DC: Carnegie Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict, forthcoming.
___. "Address to the Nation on the Situation In Somalia." Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: George Bush 1992-1993. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1993.
Byman, Daniel, and Stephen Van Evera. "Contemporary Deadly Conflict: Causes and Future Prospects." Paper prepared for the Carnegie Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict, Washington, DC.
Campbell, D.T. "Ethnocentric and Other Altruistic Motives." In Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, ed. D.T. Campbell. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1965.
Canberra Commission on the Elimination of Nuclear Weapons. Report of the Canberra Commission on the Elimination of Nuclear Weapons. August 1996.
CARE International. CARE International Report 1995 and 1996. Brussels: CARE International, 1996.
Carroll, James. "The Silence." The New Yorker, April 7, 1997.
Carter, Jimmy. "Searching for Peace." In Leadership. Washington, DC: Carnegie Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict, forthcoming.
___. "Get Tough on Rights." New York Times, September 21, 1993.
Carter Center. State of World Conflict Report, 1994-1995. Atlanta, GA: The Carter Center, 1995.
Casper, Gretchen, and Michelle M. Taylor. Negotiating Democracy: Transitions from Authoritarian Rule. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1996.
Center for Human Rights. National Human Rights Institutions: A Handbook on the Establishment and Strengthening of National Institutions for the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights, Professional Training Series No. 4. Geneva: United Nations, 1995.
Central Office of Information. Britain 1997: An Official Handbook. London: The Stationer Office, 1996.
Ceric, Mustafa, Vinko Puljic, Nikolaj Mrdja, and Jakob Finci. "Press Release, Inter-Religious Council in Bosnia-Herzegovina." Sarajevo, June 9, 1997.
Cerniello, Craig. "U.S. Security Assistance to the Former Soviet Union." Arms Control Today (September 1996).
Chazan, Naomi, and Donald Rothchild. "The Political Repercussions of Economic Malaise." In Hemmed In: Responses to Africa's Economic Decline, eds. Thomas M. Callaghy and John Ravenhill. New York: Columbia University Press, 1993.
Chigas, Diana, with Elizabeth McClintock and Christophe Kamp. "Preventive Diplomacy and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe: Creating Incentives for Dialogue and Cooperation." In Preventing Conflict in the Post-Communist World, eds. Abram Chayes and Antonia Handler Chayes. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution, 1996.
"Chile: Decree Establishing the National Commission on Truth and Reconciliation." In Transitional Justice: How Emerging Democracies Reckon with Former Regimes, Vol. 1, ed. Neil J. Kritz. Washington, DC: U.S. Institute of Peace Press, 1995.
Cohen, Herman J. "Intervention In Somalia." The Diplomatic Record 1992-1993. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1991.
Cohen, William S. Annual Defense Review. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1997.
___. The Report to the Quadrennial Defense Review. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1997.
Collins, Joseph. "World Hunger: A Scarcity of Food or a Scarcity of Democracy." In World Security: Challenges for a New Century, eds. Michael T. Klare and Daniel C. Thomas. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1994.
Committee for the 1995 World Conference for Women. "Worldwide Facts and Statistics about the Status of Women." New York: Committee for the 1995 World Conference for Women, 1995.
Commission on Developing Countries and Global Change. For Earth's Sake. Ottawa: International Development Research Center, 1992.
Commission on Global Governance. Our Global Neighborhood. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.
Committee on International Arms Control and Security Affairs of the Association of the Bar of the City of New York. Achieving Effective Arms Control: Recommendations, Background and Analysis. The Association of the Bar of the City of New York, 1985.
Comprehensive Disclosure of Fissionable Materials: A Suggested Initiative. Carnegie Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict, Washington, DC, 1995.
Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe. "Charter of Paris for a New Europe." Conference on Security and Cooperation In Europe. November 2, 1991. 30 I.L.M. 193 (1991).
Congressional Budget Office. Enhancing U.S. Security Through Foreign Aid. Washington, DC: Congressional Budget Office, 1994.
"Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction." April 29, 1997. 32 I.L.M. 932 (1993).
"Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on Their Destruction." March, 26, 1975. T.I.A.S. no. 9433.
Cortright, David, ed. The Price of Peace: Incentives and International Conflict Prevention. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 1997.
de Costa, Peter. "Combining Against Conflict." Africa Report 37, No. 5 (September-October 1992).
Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 1996 — Report Submitted to the Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate and the Committee on International Relations, U.S. House of Representatives. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1997.
Crossette, Barbara. "Agencies Say U.N. Ignored Pleas on Hutu." New York Times, May 28, 1997.
___. "After Weeks of Seeming Inaction, U.S. Decides to Punish Belgrade." New York Times, May 23, 1992.
Crumm, Eileen M. "The Value of Economic Incentives in International Politics." Journal of Peace Research 32, No. 3 (1995).
Cumming-Bruce, Nick. "Malaysia Buys into Military Build-Up." The Guardian (London), October 23, 1996.
Dahl, Robert A. Democracy and Its Critics. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1989.
Daley, Suzanne. "In Mozambique, Guns for Plowshares and Bicycles." New York Times, March 2, 1997.
Damrosch, Lori Fisler. "The Civilian Impact of Economic Sanctions." In Enforcing Restraint: Collective Intervention In Internal Conflicts, ed. Lori Fisler Damrosch. New York: Council on Foreign Relations Press, 1993.
Darling, Juanita. "Salvadoran Gun Swap Nets Quite an Arsenal." San Jose Mercury News, October 6, 1996.
___. "Gun-Swap Project Overwhelmed by Response In War-Weary Land." Los Angeles Times, October 5, 1996.
"Declaration on the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons." 28 I.L.M. 1020 (1989).
Deng, Francis M. Protecting the Dispossessed: A Challenge for the International Community. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution, 1993.
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Denton, Nicholas. "Hungary Acts on Borders." The Financial Times, July 15, 1994.
Deutsch, M. The Resolution of Conflict. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1973.
Diamond, Larry. Promoting Democracy in the 1990s: Actors and Instruments, Issues and Imperatives. Washington, DC: Carnegie Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict, December 1995.
Diamond, Louise, and John McDonald. Multi-Track Diplomacy: A Systems Approach to Peace. Hartford, CT: Kumarian Press, Inc., 1996.
Doyle, Michael W. UN Peacekeeping in Cambodia: UNTAC's Civil Mandate. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1995.
___. "Kant, Liberal Legacies, and Foreign Affairs." Philosophy and Public Affairs 12 (Summer 1983).
Durch, William J., ed. The Evolution of UN Peacekeeping: Case Studies and Comparative Analysis. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1993.
Eken, Sena, Paul Cashin, S. Nuri Erbas, Jose Martelino, and Adnan Mazarei. Economic Dislocation and Recovery in Lebanon, Occasional Paper 120. International Monetary Fund, Washington, DC, February 1995.
Eliasson, Jan. "Establishing Trust in the Healer: Preventive Diplomacy and the Future of the United Nations." In Preventive Diplomacy: Stopping Wars Before They Start, ed. Kevin M. Cahill. New York: Basic Books and The Center for International Health and Cooperation, 1996.
Elliott, Kimberly Ann, and Gary Hufbauer. "'New' Approaches to Economic Sanctions." In U.S. Intervention Policy for the Post-Cold War World, eds. Arnold Kanter and Linton F. Brooks. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1994.
Energy and Atmosphere Program, Sustainable Energy and Environment Division, Bureau for Policy and Program Support, United Nations Development Program. "UNDP Initiative for Sustainable Energy, 1996." United Nations Development Program, New York, 1996.
Eriksson, John, et al. Synthesis Report. The International Response to Conflict and Genocide: Lessons from the Rwanda Experience, ed. David Millwood. Copenhagen: Steering Committee on the Joint Evaluation of Emergency Assistance to Rwanda, March 1996.
Esman, Milton J. "Economic Performance and Ethnic Conflict." In Conflict and Peacemaking in Multiethnic Societies, ed. Joseph V. Montville. New York: Lexington Books, 1991.
Esty, Daniel C., Jack A. Goldstone, Ted Robert Gurr, Pamela T. Surko, and Alan N. Unger. Working Papers: State Failure Task Force Report. November 30, 1995.
European Conference on Conflict Prevention. "From Early Warning to Early Action," A Report on the European Conference on Conflict Prevention. Amsterdam: European Conference on Conflict Prevention, 1996.
European Information Service. "Human Rights: European Parliament Seeks Reform of EU Policy." European Report, December 14, 1996.
European Information Service. "Human Rights: EU Needs to Put Teeth into Policy." European Report, December 7, 1996.
Evans, Gareth. "The UN at Fifty: Looking Back and Looking Forward." Statement to the Fiftieth General Assembly of the United Nations, New York, October 2, 1995.
___. "Cooperative Security and Intrastate Conflict." Foreign Policy, No. 96 (Fall 1994).
___. Cooperating for Peace: The Global Agenda for the 1990s and Beyond. Sydney, Australia: Allen & Unwin, 1993.
Fainberg, Anthony, and Alan Shaw. Nonlethal Technologies and the Prevention of Deadly Conflict. Washington, DC: Carnegie Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict, forthcoming.
Farnighetti, Robert, ed. The World Almanac and Book of Facts 1997. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1997.
Federation Internationale des Droits de l'Homme, Africa Watch, Union Interafricaine des Droits de l'Homme et des Peuples, Center International des Droits de la Personne et du Développement Democratique. "Rapport de la Commission Internationale d'Enquete sur les Violations des Droits de l'Homme au Rwanda Depuis le ler Octobre 1990." New York: Africa Watch, 1993.
Feil, Scott. Rwandan Retrospective: Developing an Intervention Option. Washington, DC: Carnegie Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict, November 1997.
___. "Could 5,000 Peacekeepers Have Saved 500,000 Rwandans? Early Intervention Reconsidered." ISD Reports III, No. 2, Institute for the Study of Diplomacy, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, April 1997.
Feinberg, Richard. "The Coup That Wasn't." Washington Post, April 30, 1996.
Feldman, Shai, and Abdullah Toukan. Bridging the Gap: A Future Security Architecture for the Middle East. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 1997.
"Final Document of the First Conference to Review the Operation of the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe and the Concluding Act of the Negotiation on Personnel Strength." Vienna. May 15-31, 1996.
Findlay, Trevor. Cambodia: The Legacy and Lessons of UNTAC, SIPRI Research Report No. 9. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.
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Frederikson, Lee. "The Internet or Infomercial: Which Will Turn Your Audience On?" Marketing News, January 20, 1997.
French, Howard W. "A Muscular Nigeria Proves a Flawed Peacekeeper." New York Times, June 26, 1997.
___. "Sierra Leone a Triumph of Peacemaking by Africans." New York Times, December 2, 1996.
Gallhofer, Irmtraud N., and Willem E. Saris. Foreign Policy Decision-Making. Westport, CT: Praeger, 1996.
Gamson, William, and André Modigliani. Untangling the Cold War. Boston, MA: Little Brown & Company, 1971.
Gardner, Gary. "Preserving Global Crop Land." In State of the World 1997, ed. Linda Starke. Washington: Worldwatch Institute, 1997.
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George, Alexander L. Presidential Decisionmaking in Foreign Policy: The Effective Use of Information and Advice. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1980.
George, Alexander L., and Jane E. Holl. The Warning-Response Problem and Missed Opportunities In Preventive Diplomacy. Carnegie Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict, Washington, DC, May 1997.
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Gillies, David. "Human Rights, Democracy and Good Governance: Stretching the World Bank's Policy Frontiers." In The World Bank: Lending on a Global Scale, eds. J.M. Griesgraber and B.G. Gunter. London: Pluto Press, 1996.
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Goldring, Natalie J. "Bridging the Gap: Light and Major Conventional Weapons in Recent Conflicts." British American Security Information Council (BASIC), Washington, DC, 1997; paper prepared for the annual meeting of the International Studies Association, Toronto, Ontario, March 1997.
Goodpaster, Andrew J. When Diplomacy Is Not Enough: Managing Multinational Military Interventions. Washington, DC: Carnegie Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict, July 1996.
Gorbachev, Mikhail. Memoirs. New York: Doubleday, 1996.
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Gordon, Michael R. "U.S. Sends Forces as Iraqi Soldiers Threaten Kuwait." New York Times, October 8, 1994.
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Government of Canada. "Towards a Rapid Reaction Capability for the United Nations." Report of the Government of Canada, September 1995.
Gowing, Nik. Media Coverage: Help or Hindrance in Conflict Prevention. Washington, DC: Carnegie Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict, September 1997.
Greene, Owen. Tackling Light Weapons Proliferation: Issues and Priorities for the EU. London: Saferworld, 1997.
Grimmett, Richard F. "Conventional Arms Transfers to Developing Nations, 1989-1996." Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service, The Library of Congress, August 17, 1997.
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Gurr, Ted Robert. Minorities at Risk: A Geopolitical View of Ethnopolitical Conflicts. Washington, DC: U.S. Institute of Peace Press, 1993.
Hamburg, David A. Education for Conflict Resolution. April 1995. New York: Carnegie Corporation of New York, April 1994.
___. Preventing Contemporary Intergroup Violence. New York: Carnegie Corporation of New York, April 1994.
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Hamilton, Lee, Gareth Evans, Lord Carver, and Stanley Hoffman. "A UN Volunteer Military Force — Four Views." New York Review of Books, June 24, 1993.
Harahan, Joseph P., and John C. Kuhn, III. On-Site Inspections Under the CFE Treaty. Washington, DC: On-Site Inspection Agency, U.S. Department of Defense, 1996.
Hawley, W.D., and A.W. Jackson, eds. Toward a Common Destiny: Improving Race and Ethnic Relations in America. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Publishers, 1995.
Hayner, Priscilla B. "Fifteen Truth Commissions—1974 to 1994: A Comparative Study." In Transitional Justice: How Emerging Democracies Reckon with Former Regimes, Vol. 1, ed. Neil J. Kritz. Washington, DC: U.S. Institute of Peace Press, 1995.
Hays, Margaret Daly, and Gary F. Weatley, eds. Interagency and Political-Military Dimensions of Peace Operations: Haiti—A Case Study. Washington, DC: National Defense University Press, February 1996.
Hehir, Bryan. "The Uses of Force in the Post-Cold War World." Washington, DC: Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, August 1996.
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Hinds, Joe. A Guide to Peace, Reconciliation and Community Relations Projects in Ireland. Belfast, Northern Ireland: Community Relations Council, 1994.
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