Columbia International Affairs Online: Working Papers

CIAO DATE: 07/2010

When Should We Talk to Terrorists?

Audrey Kurth Cronin

May 2010

United States Institute of Peace

Abstract

The longer a terrorist group has been in existence, the more likely it is 􀁴􀀁 to engage in negotiations. Even so, only about 18 percent of terrorist groups engage in talks on strategic issues at all. 􀁴􀀁 When groups do enter talks, the most common pattern is for negotiations to drag on, with the conflict occupying a middle ground between a stable cease-fire and high levels of violence. 􀁴􀀁 Negotiations do not necessarily result in a cessation of the violence: about half of the groups that have entered negotiations in recent years have continued to be active in their violence as the talks unfolded, typically at a lower level of intensity or frequency. 􀁴􀀁 A wide range of variables can determine the efficacy of negotiations. A crucial element in the success or failure of such talks is the ability of policymakers to devise a plan in advance for what will happen when violence does again occur. 􀁴􀀁 Those policymakers who are able to unite with their nonstate negotiating partners in condemning violence are more likely to sustain talks and make progress. 􀁴􀀁 Talks with some global affiliates of al-Qaeda, as well as some smaller factions of the Taliban, may hold promise. 􀁴􀀁 Talks should not be seen as a “silver bullet” but rather as a way to manage and channel the violence over the long term, a process that often contributes to the decline of groups or their demise, along with other factors.