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CIAO DATE: 08/05
Volume 120 No. 2 (Summer 2005)
Abstracts
What Political Institutions Does Large-Scale Democracy Require?
Robert A. Dahl examines the political institutions necessary for a democratic country. He argues that a large-scale democracy requires the following political institutions: elected officials; free, fair, and frequent elections; freedom of expression; alternative sources of information; associational autonomy; and inclusive citizenship.
[Full Text, PDF, 12 pages, 129.9 KB]
Polarized Politics and the 2004 Congressional and Presidential Elections
Gary C. Jacobson analyzes the results of the 2004 United States House, Senate, and presidential elections, arguing that the Republicans' gains did not reflect any shift in public sentiments in that party's favor, but rather were the result of the Republicans' structural advantages, reinforced by the intense partisan polarization provoked by the Bush administration.
Why Bush Won the Presidential Election of 2004: Incumbency, Ideology, Terrorism, and Turnout
James E. Campbell examines how pre-campaign fundamentals and the campaign affected the 2004 presidential election. Incumbency, high turnout, and concerns that Kerry would not handle the war on terrorism as well as Bush tipped the electorate toward President Bush. An electorate evenly divided in its partisanship, the economy, conflicting views about Iraq, and the debates made the election one of the closest in modern party history.
The HBV and HCV Pandemics: Health, Political, and Security Challenges
Albert B. Knapp examines the health, political, and security challenges arising from the twin pandemics of hepatitis B and hepatitis C that together affect over two billion people and confront both the developed and third world. He formulates a series of policy guidelines including virus containment, prevention, and treatment and also demonstrates how they can be successfully applied.
Globalization and Diversification of Islamic Movements: Three Turkish Cases
Ahmet T. Kuru examines why certain Islamic movements support globalization whereas others oppose it. He focuses on three cases from Turkey-the Gülen, the Haydar Bas, and the Milli Görüs, movements. He argues that Islamic movements' attitudes toward globalization are contingent on two variables-international opportunity structures and the normative frameworks of movements.
The Problem of Judicial Control in Africa's Neopatrimonial Democracies: Malawi and Zambia
Peter Vondoepp examines why elected officials in the new African democracies of Malawi and Zambia have had persistent trouble controlling judicial institutions. He argues that political conditions in these countries limit the types of techniques that such officials can employ to rein in judiciaries. Political conditions also provide incentives for judges to adopt positions of neutrality when rendering decisions in political cases.
Book Reviews
Jie Chen, Popular Political Support in Urban China
Reviewed by Andrew J. Nathan
[Full Text, PDF, 3 pages, 64.2 KB]
John F. Murphy, The United States and the Rule of Law in International Affairs
Reviewed by Kenneth W. Thompson
Jeffrey Taliaferro, Balancing Risks: Great Power Intervention in the Periphery
Reviewed by Jeffrey Pickering
Francis Fukuyama, State-Building: Governance and World Order in the 21st Century
Reviewed by Richard Rosecrance
[Full Text, PDF, 3 pages, 59.6 KB]
Leonard C. Feldman, Citizens Without Shelter: Homelessness, Democracy, and Political Exclusion
Reviewed by Ralph da Costa Nunez
[Full Text, PDF, 3 pages, 59.5 KB]
Amy Gutmann and Dennis Thompson, Why Deliberative Democracy?
Reviewed by Evan Charney
Lawrence Freedman, Deterrence
Reviewed by Richard J. Harknett
Chester A. Crocker, Fen Osler Hampson, and Pamela Aall, Taming Intractable Conflicts: Mediation in the Hardest Cases
Reviewed by J. Michael Greig
John Mueller, The Remnants of War
Reviewed by Jeremi Suri
Max Bazerman and Michael Watkins, Predictable Surprises: The Disasters You Should Have Seen Coming, and How to Prevent Them
Reviewed by Jonathan Keller
Jeb Barnes, Overruled? Legislative Overrides, Pluralism, and Contemporary Court-Congress Relations
Reviewed by Keith E. Whittington
[Full Text, PDF, 3 pages, 59.3 KB]
Melissa M. Deckman, School Board Battles: The Christian Right
Reviewed by Fritz Detwiler
Ange-Marie Hancock, The Politics of Disgust: The Public Identity of the Welfare Queen
Reviewed by Sanford F. Schram
Robert Harrison, Congress, Progressive Reform, and the New American State
Reviewed by Jeffery A. Jenkins
Paul Starr, The Creation of the Media: Political Origins of Modern Communications
Reviewed by James T. Hamilton
Diana Evans, Greasing the Wheels: Using Pork Barrel Projects to Build Majority Coalitions in Congress
Reviewed by Frances E. Lee
Richard Franklin Bensel, The American Ballot Box in the Mid-Nineteenth Century
Howard W. Allen
Andrew Rich, Think Tanks, Public Policy, and the Politics of Expertise
Reviewed by Donald Abelson
Stephen Graubard, Command of Office: How War, Secrecy, and Deception Transformed the Presidency from Theodore Roosevelt to George W. Bush
Reviewed by H. W. Brands
Robert J. Pauly, Jr., Islam in Europe: Integration or Marginalization?
Reviewed by Omer Taspinar
Etienne Balibar, We, the People of Europe? Reflections on Transnational Citizenship
Reviewed by Gustav Peebles
Joseph Jupille, Procedural Politics: Issues, Influence, and Institutional Choice in the European Union
Reviewed by Judith Kelley
Judith G. Kelley, Ethnic Politics in Europe: The Power of Norms and Incentives
Reviewed by Saul Newman
Dmitri V. Trenin and Aleksei V. Malashenko with Anatol Lieven, Russia's Restless Frontier: The Chechnya Factor in Post-Soviet Russia
Reviewed by Pavel K. Baev
Nicolai Petro, Crafting Democracy: How Novgorod Has Coped with Rapid Social Change
Reviewed by Nikolai Petrov
Bruce Gilley, China's Democratic Future: How It Will Happen and Where It Will Lead
Reviewed by Patricia M. Thornton
Peter Nolan, China at the Crossroads
Reviewed by Andrew C. Mertha
Peter Hays Gries, China's New Nationalism: Pride, Politics, and Diplomacy
Reviewed by Andrew C. Mertha
Yan Sun, Corruption and Market in Contemporary China
Reviewed by Martin Dimitrov
Jennifer Amyx, Japan's Financial Crisis: Institutional Rigidity and Reluctant Change
Reviewed by Henry Laurence
Young Whan Kihl, Transforming Korean Politics: Democracy, Reform, and Culture
Reviewed by Gi-Wook Shin
Edward E. Telles, Race in Another America: The Significance of Skin Color in Brazil
Reviewed by Mala Htun
Steven I. Wilkinson, Votes and Violence: Electoral Competition and Ethnic Riots in India
Reviewed by John Echeverri-Gent
Linda Melvern, Conspiracy to Murder: The Rwanda Genocide and the International Community
Reviewed by Scott Straus