CIAO DATE: 12/2008
Volume: 2, Issue: 8
Winter 2005
Power and Global Finance in the Framework of Neo-Gramscian Hegemony: The Great Transformation in Pax Britannica
Çinar Özen
The concept of financial globalization has been extensively debated in the international political economy literature since the 1980's. In fact financial globalization appeared in relation to the economy of Great Britain in the last quarter of the 19th century. In its essence, this research aims to present the fact of London centered financial globalization which appeared in the last quarter of the 19th century with a Neo-Gramscian theoretical perspective. The study summarizes hegemony theories under the two the main headings of order-centered hegemony theories and power-centered hegemony theories. Within the framework of power-centered hegemony theories, a separate category has been given to the Neo-Gramscian theory of hegemony. In conclusion, this study aims to explain the evolution of financial sector globalization within the framework of the Neo-Gramscian theory of hegemony and its relation to the struggle for world dominance.
Liberal Republicanism, Multiculturalism and Demands for Cultural Democracy
Nazim Irem
This article explores the roots of the philosophico-political challenge raised by multiculturalism against the liberal republican conception of democracy. Having been inspired from the postmodern critique of modernity and the end of class/ideology theses posed by the neo-conservative circles, multiculturalism, both in its liberal and communitarian versions, gave birth to a new ideal of cultural democracy. The multicultural ideal of cultural democracy has caused a conceptual shift in the conventional liberal understanding of rights, representation and civil society. Basing on tenuous theoretical justifications for group-based rights, multiculturalism refutes the difference-blind liberal theory of rights. It is argued that because of its culturalist and communitarian orientations and its limited vision of human rights that sacrifices human autonomy to the authenticity of the community, multiculturalism has no potential for further democratizing the liberal republican vision of democracy.
Turkey and the European Union: The Domestic Politics of Negotiating Pre-Accession
Kemal Kirisçi
Turkey is facing massive challenges as a function of its aspiration to join the EU. In November 2000, the EU adopted the Accession Partnership Document, which listed the re-forms that Turkey was expected to adopt to be able to meet the Copenhagen political criteria. In the midst of these challenges, slowly but surely the EU and Turkey are moving closer to-gether. How can one explain the political process that has brought Turkey, after four decades of membership aspirations, to the very gates of EU membership? This essay will argue that the process was primarily driven by a long and bitter process of "negotiation" between advocates and opponents of membership within Turkey, on the one hand, and between a range of Turkish "negotiators or players" and their EU counterparts, on the other.
Globalizing Uncertainty in the Sphere of Security: Turkey, Quo Vadis?
Enver Dersan
This study focuses upon the political uncertainty, presumably brought about by the process of globalization. After first discussing some concepts and hypotheses which are fundamental to the study, an overview of Turkey's national security policies is provided. In the second part, the question of Turkey's security is taken up within the context of relations between the U.S.A., EU, and NATO. In conclusion, some suggestions related to Turkey's prospective security policies are proposed.
The Middle East and Religious Fundamentalism as a Source of Identity-Based Conflicts
Dan Tschirgi
An understanding of religious fundamentalism as a source of conflict in the Middle East is significantly furthered by examining "asymmetrical threats" in other areas. This article suggests that a particular form of asymmetrical conflict ("Marginalized Violent Internal Conflict"[MVIC]) was proliferating well before September 11, 2001, and that examples appeared in Mexico and Egypt, as well as possibly in Nigeria, Chile and the Philippines. Arguing that the "War on Terrorism" may be the result of MVIC having been raised to the level of Marginalized Violent International Conflict, the author examines policy implications raised by the goal of global security.
Using Foreign Aid as a Foreign Policy Tool: The Case of Japan
Ali Balci, Murat Yesiltas
This article attempts to explain the relationship between foreign policy and foreign aid. The question of how Japan's Official Development Assistance (ODA) programme is related to Japan's foreign policy will be explored. The findings suggest that foreign aid has been used to promote Japan's national interests and national security since the 1950's. Although Japan has used ODA in order to prevent humanitarian violation and promote democracy, especially since the 1990's, the humanitarian aspect of ODA has remained secondary to concerns about national interests. Japanese aid programs to ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) nations, Africa, China and the Kurile Islands will be analyzed in support of our argument that ODA is, at root, a realist approach.
Mehmet UGUR, Müzakerelerden Üyelige: AB-Türkiye Gündemindeki Sorunlar
Ihsan D. Dagi
International relations Bibliography (September - November 2005)