CIAO DATE: 04/2009
Volume: 38, Issue: 2
Winter 2009
Lynn Welchman
The Bedouin Judge, the Mufti, and the Chief Islamic Justice: Competing Legal Regimes in the Occupied Palestinian Territories
Lynn Welchman
Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9 (Winter 2009), p. 6
This article examines competing legal frameworks in dispute resolution in the occupied territories, against the background of weakening central authority, bitter political rivalries, and increasing insecurity on the ground. Two case studies from 2005 are presented-a killing in Gaza and an attempted sexual assault in the West Bank-where the involved parties had recourse to three distinct but overlapping bodies of law, not all of which were part of the formal Palestinian legal system: statutory law, Islamic law, and customary (or tribal) law. The resolution of these cases, while shedding light on the intersection of local politics and alternative legal systems, underscores the challenges of forging a united legal system in a situation of occupation, weak government, and heterogeneous legal heritage.
François Mitterrand and the Palestinians: 1956–95
Jean-Pierre Filiu
François Mitterrand and the Palestinians: 1956-95
Jean-Pierre Filiu
Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9 (Winter 2009), p. 24
François Mitterrand, the longest-serving French president in history, never ceased to be a passionate advocate of Israel, in contrast to his Gaullist predecessors. But he was also the most committed to Palestinian statehood, and among the earliest to insist on the PLO's full engagement in the peace process, often at considerable cost to his ties with Israel. By the time Mitterrand left office in 1995, France's Middle Eastern role had greatly declined, with the United States having assumed full control of the peace process; during the 1980s, however, its contributions had been significant. This article examines Mitterrand's fourteen-year presidency and the paradoxes of his Middle East policy.
Proto-Zionist–Arab Encounters in Late Nineteenth-Century Palestine: Socioregional Dimensions
Yuval Ben-Bassat
Proto-Zionist-Arab Encounters in Late Nineteenth-Century Palestine: Socioregional Dimensions
Yuval Ben-Bassat
Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9 (Winter 2009), p. 42
Based on rarely used documents from archives in Israel and Turkey, this article offers a new approach for the study of proto-Zionist-Arab relationships in Palestine at the end of the nineteenth century. It foregrounds the regional and sociological dimensions of the encounters between the two populations through focus on the Judean colonies southeast of Jaffa. These colonies, located relatively close together, maintained a close-knit network of mutual exchanges and gradually crystallized into a "bloc." Using a bottom-up approach, the article explores the developing coordination between the colonies and its impact on their relationships with their Arab neighbors. By the early twentieth century, the author argues, a distinct sociocultural identity had developed in the colonies and the close cooperation had begun to take on a nationalist coloration.
RELATIVELY LITTLE has been written about the daily relationships between Jewish colonists and the Arab rural population in Palestine during the early years of proto-Zionist colonization. Existing research focuses mainly on the ideological and political aspects of the encounter, with less attention paid to the actual interactions between the two populations in this formative period, designated in Zionist historiography as the "first ‘aliyah" (1882-1903). Using a bottom-up sociohistorical approach, this article addresses these daily relations while focusing on the six "Judean colonies" (moshvot Yehudah) established southeast of Jaffa at the end of the nineteenth century.
In classical Zionist historiography, the early encounters between the two populations are often portrayed as just another set of obstacles that the first colonists had to confront and overcome. However, the contextual background of their multidimensional relationships and the broader regional implications of these encounters are largely ignored. Hence, it is often stressed that while the problems confronting the colonies with regard to their Arab neighbors were similar (arising from cultural misunderstandings and disputes over natural resources such as water, land, and grazing rights), each colony dealt with them separately according to its best understanding, judgment, and ability. Some researchers even argue that a common pattern of interaction developed, from alienation in the beginning, through gradual reciprocal acceptance, to the development of friendly relationships.
By contrast, I argue that despite the similarity of the challenges facing the Jewish colonists, their relationships with their Arab neighbors were neither uniform nor restricted to the local level. On the one hand, differences in the colonists' sociocultural backgrounds and in the colonies' physical conditions played a role in shaping these relationships. On the other hand, the Judean colonies, located relatively close together, maintained a close-knit network of mutual exchanges, cooperation, and coordination in various domains, and gradually crystallized into a "bloc"-a development that had implications for their relations with the local rural population. Hence, this study, in addition to briefly discussing the particularistic nature of the Judean colonies, explores in depth their common activity and its effects on Jewish-Arab relations.
SOURCES AND METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES
The bottom-up sociohistorical approach implemented in this research, which is grounded in a spatial analytical framework, makes possible a more nuanced analysis of early Jewish-Arab encounters and better accounts for their complex dynamics. This methodology, moreover, can serve as a model for examining Jewish-Arab relations in other regions in Palestine where Jewish colonization activity took place at the end of the nineteenth century as well as in later periods, especially given its tendency prior to 1948 to concentrate in specific regions. Arguably, this methodology can also be applied to the study of other cases of settlement in the Ottoman Empire.
While a vast amount of primary material dealing with proto-Zionist colonization is available from the perspective of the Jewish colonists and Zionist organizations, it is a much harder task to trace the viewpoints of the Arab rural population. This stems from the destruction of hundreds of villages and the dispersal of their population during the 1948war, the lack of organized Palestinian national archives to date, and the fact that most of the rural population was illiterate and therefore left very little written documentation behind. Despite the methodological constraints created by basing a study primarily on proto-Zionist and Zionist sources, a careful reading against the grain makes possible a critical understanding of the experiences of both Arabs and Jews in Palestine at the time.
Of particular importance are the understudied primary documents found in the local archives of five out of the six former first ‘aliyah Judean colonies. These include materials such as logbooks, personal letters, receipts, contracts, maps, and pictures, which provide a unique firsthand account of the complexity and ambivalent nature of relations between the two groups. The logbooks of the colonies' managing committees, for example, provide detailed narratives of daily life in the colonies, particularly with regard to interactions with the neighboring Arab population. . . .
Barack Obama and the Arab-Israeli Conflict
Barack Obama and the Arab-Israeli Conflict
Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9 (Winter 2009), p. 64
Special Document File
This section is intended to give readers an overview of President-elect Barack Obama's positions on the Middle East peace process as he begins his tenure. The baseline for gauging Obama's views may be his failed 2000 race for Congress. At that time he made statements viewed as pro-Palestinian because they urged the United States to take an "even-handed approach" toward Israeli-Palestinian peace-making. As an Illinois state senator, Obama had cultivated ties with Chicago's Arab American community, which was partly concentrated in his state senate district. He won a U.S. Senate seat in 2004 with significant support from Chicago's Lakeside liberals, who included leading Chicago Jewish Democrats. His position on the Arab-Israeli conflict remained an issue during the 2008 presidential race, however, and Obama made a point of laying out his positions at several points during the campaign, in contrast to his Republican challenger Sen. John McCain, who did not detail his positions.
Refugee Camps in the Palestinian and Sahrawi National Liberation Movements
Randa Farah
Refugee Camps in the Palestinian and Sahrawi National Liberation Movements
Randa Farah
Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9 (Winter 2009), p. 76
Comparative Analysis
Drawing on ethnographic field research, this analysis compares the evolution of refugee camps as incubators of political organization and repositories of collective memory for Palestinian refugees in Jordan and Sahrawi refugees of the Western Sahara. While recognizing the significant differences between the historical and geopolitical contexts of the two groups and their national movements (the PLO and Polisario, respectively), the author examines the Palestinian and Sahrawi projects of national consciousness formation and institution-building, concluding that Palestinian camps are "mapped" in relation to the past, while political organization in Sahrawi camps evidences a forward-looking vision.
TO WHAT EXTENT do ideological and political structures affect the positioning of refugee camps in national space and shape the politics of identity and memory? Does the symbolism of camps change following radical shifts in official national politics? Are subjective factors irrelevant in such circumstances? Comparing the evolution of political leaderships in two different settings-Palestinian and Sahrawi refugee camps-can shed light on these questions. Drawing on anthropological fieldwork conducted in Palestinian camps in Jordan (1995-2000 and 2007) and Sahrawi camps in Algeria (2005-2007), this article examines camps as venues refracting the structural dynamics, political contexts, and nationalist ideologies and praxis of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and the Popular Front for the Liberation of al-Saqiat al-Hamra' and Rio de Oro (Polisario). It proposes that the contexts within which these organizations evolved have led to two different prototypes of polities and leaderships in exile, enabling the Polisario-but not the PLO-to transform refugee camps into incubators of new social and political institutions transportable to national territory upon repatriation. Given the complexity of the subject matter, this article will limit its discussion to the pivotal historical, structural, and subjective factors most useful for explaining the different political trajectories of Palestinian and Sahrawi camps.
INITIAL COMPARISONS
Whereas the Palestinian issue is well known, a brief overview of the history of the Sahrawi movement provides context for the argument that follows. As the Spanish government prepared to abandon its protectorate of Western Sahara in November 1975, it secretly signed an agreement with Morocco and Mauritania aimed at establishing a tripartite administration of the territory. Morocco and Mauritania had competing claims to the Western Sahara, a region bordered on the north by Morocco, the northeast by Algeria, the south and southeast by Mauritania, and the west by the Atlantic Ocean. Just as Spain was preparing to withdraw, Morocco and Mauritania invaded the territory. Morocco took control of the northern two-thirds of Western Sahara, which it renamed its southern (or "Saharan") provinces, while Mauritania seized control of the southern third. Meanwhile, the Polisario, established in 1973, won Algeria's backing for its independence struggle and set up its headquarters in Sahrawi refugee camps located in an isolated region of the southwestern Algerian desert near the town of Tindouf. The camps are also home to the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR), the state-in-exile established by the Polisario in 1976.
After Mauritania withdrew from the Western Sahara in 1979, Morocco extended its control to the territory Mauritania had claimed. In the 1980s, Morocco built a 2,700-kilometer-long sand and earthen wall (or "berm") that cuts diagonally through Western Sahara, extending from its northeast corner down to the southwest near the Mauritanian border. (See map.) The berm enables Morocco to control two-thirds of the areas richest in phosphate and minerals, as well as the Atlantic coast's fishing industry. On the eastern side of the berm is what the Polisario calls the "liberated" or "free" zone. No country recognizes Morocco's sovereignty over the Western Sahara, which remains on the United Nations' list of non-self-governing territories. Hostilities between Morocco and the Polisario ended in 1991 with the establishment of the United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) in accordance with settlement proposals accepted in 1988 by Morocco and the Polisario.
Both the PLO and the Polisario are Arab national liberation movements that, despite decades of struggle, have failed to fulfill their aspirations of self-determination long after most other national liberation struggles entered a postcolonial stage. It is worth noting that the Palestinian resistance inspired the Polisario, which drew parallels between the colonization of Western Sahara in the maghreb and Palestine in the mashreq. As Sahrawi refugees frequently pointed out to me, the resemblance between their flag and the Palestinian flag was intentional. . . .
Noe: Voice of Hezbollah: The Statements of Sayyed Hassan Nasrallah
Joseph Alagha
Noe: Voice of Hezbollah: The Statements of Sayyed Hassan Nasrallah
Reviewed by Joseph Alagha
Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9 (Winter 2009), p. 94
Recent Books
Voice of Hezbollah: The Statements of Sayyed Hassan Nasrallah, edited by Nicholas Noe. Texts translated by Ellen Khouri. Introduction by Nicholas Blandford. London: Verso, 2007. ix + 2 maps + 410 pages. Further reading to p. 415. Index to p. 420. $19.95 paper.
Joseph Alagha, associate professor of Islamic Studies at Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands, is the author of The Shifts in Hizbullah's Ideology (Amsterdam University Press, 2006).
Hovsepian: The War on Lebanon: A Reader
Amer Mohsen
Hovsepian: The War on Lebanon: A Reader
Reviewed by Amer Mohsen
Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9 (Winter 2009), p. 95
Recent Books
The War on Lebanon: A Reader, edited by Nubar Hovsepian; foreword by Rashid Khalidi. Northampton, MA: Olive Branch Press, 2008. xxxiii + 399 pages. Notes on contributors to p. 405. Index to p. 422. $20.00 paper.
Amer Mohsen is a doctoral candidate in political science at the University of California, Berkeley.
Bunton: Colonial Land Policies in Palestine, 1917–1936
Michael R. Fischbach
Bunton: Colonial Land Policies in Palestine, 1917-1936
Reviewed by Michael R. Fischbach
Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9 (Winter 2009), p. 96
Recent Books
Colonial Land Policies in Palestine, 1917-1936, by Martin Bunton. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007. Oxford Historical Monographs. x + 204 pages. Select Bibliography to p. 214. Index to p. 217. $110.00 cloth.
Michael R. Fischbach, professor of history at Randolph-Macon College, is the author of State, Society, and Land in Jordan (Brill, 2000) and Records of Dispossession: Palestinian Refugee Property and the Arab-Israeli Conflict (Columbia University Press, 2003).
Taraki: Living Palestine: Family Survival, Resistance, and Mobility under Occupation
Sari Hanafi
Taraki: Living Palestine: Family Survival, Resistance, and Mobility under Occupation
Reviewed by Sari Hanafi
Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9 (Winter 2009), p. 98
Recent Books
Living Palestine: Family Survival, Resistance, and Mobility under Occupation, edited by Lisa Taraki. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 2006. xxx + 274 pages. Works cited to p. 291. Index to p. 296. $24.95 paper.
Sari Hanafi is an associate professor of sociology at the American University of Beirut and former director of the Palestinian Refugee and Diaspora Center in Ramallah.
Gordon: Israel's Occupation
Elia Zureik
Gordon: Israel's Occupation
Reviewed by Elia Zureik
Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9 (Winter 2009), p. 99
Recent Books
Israel's Occupation, by Neve Gordon. Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: University of California Press, 2008. xix + 225 pages. Appendices to p. 231. Notes to p. 290. Index to p. 318. $55.00 cloth; $21.95 paper.
Elia Zureik is professor emeritus of sociology at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
Kuriansky: Terror in the Holy Land: Inside the Anguish of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict
Simona Sharoni
Kuriansky: Terror in the Holy Land: Inside the Anguish of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict
Reviewed by Simona Sharoni
Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9 (Winter 2009), p. 101
Recent Books
Terror in the Holy Land: Inside the Anguish of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, edited by Judy Kuriansky. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2006. Contemporary Psychology Series. xvi +261 pages. Index to p. 269. About the series to p. 272. About the editor to p. 274. About the contributors to p. 280. $49.95 cloth.
Simona Sharoni, associate professor of women's studies and chair of the Women's Studies Department at SUNY, Plattsburgh, is the author of Gender and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: The Politics of Women's Resistance (Syracuse University Press, 1994).
Skinner: Palestinian Embroidery Motifs: A Treasury of Stitches
Shelagh Weir
Skinner: Palestinian Embroidery Motifs: A Treasury of Stitches
Reviewed by Shelagh Weir
Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9 (Winter 2009), p. 102
Recent Books
Palestinian Embroidery Motifs: A Treasury of Stitches 1850-1950, by Margarita Skinner. London: Melisande Publishing, 2006. 196 pages. Selected bibliography to p. 199. Index of motif names to p. 203. £14.95 paper.
Shelagh Weir, a research associate in the department of anthropology and sociology at the University of London's School of Oriental and African Studies, is the author of Embroidery from Palestine (University of Washington Press, 2007).
Corrie: Let Me Stand Alone: The Journals of Rachel Corrie
Ida Audeh
Corrie: Let Me Stand Alone: The Journals of Rachel Corrie
Reviewed by Ida Audeh
Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9 (Winter 2009), p. 103
Recent Books
Let Me Stand Alone: The Journals of Rachel Corrie, edited and with an introduction by the Corrie family. NewYork:W.W. Norton and Company, 2008. xx+295 pages. Notes to page 310. Acknowledgements to page 313. $23.95 cloth.
Ida Audeh is the author of "Narratives of Siege: Eye-Witness Testimonies from Jenin, Bethlehem, and Nablus" (JPS 31, no. 4, Summer 2002).
This section aims to give readers a glimpse of how the Arab world views current events that affect Palestinians and the Arab-Israeli conflict by presenting a selection of cartoons from al-Hayat, the most widely distributed mainstream daily in the Arab world. JPS is grateful to al-Hayat for permission to reprint its material. Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9, p. 105
This section includes articles by Israeli journalists and commentators that have been selected for their frank reporting, insightful analyses, or interesting perspectives on events, developments, or trends in Israel and the occupied territories. Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9, p. 107
This small sample of photos, selected from hundreds viewed by JPS, aims to convey a sense of the situation on the ground in the occupied territories during the quarter. Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9, p. 118
The Quarterly Update is a summary of bilateral, multilateral, regional, and international events affecting the Palestinians and the future of the peace process. Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9, p. 128 Michele K. Esposito
This section covers items—reprinted articles, statistics, and maps—pertaining to Israeli settlement activities in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, and the Golan Heights. Unless otherwise stated, the items have been written by Geoffrey Aronson for this section or drawn from material written by him for Report on Israeli Settlement in the Occupied Territories (hereinafter Settlement Report), a Washington-based bimonthly newsletter published by the Foundation for Middl
International A1. International Crisis Group, "Round Two in Gaza," Gaza City, Ramallah, and Brussels, 11 September 2008 (excerpts) Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9, p. 171
A2. World Bank, "Palestinian Economic Prospects: Aid, Access, and Reform," Washington, 22 September 2008 (excerpts) Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9, p. 178
A3. International Aid Agencies, "The Middle East Quartet: A Progress Report," London, 25 September 2008 (excerpts) Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9, p. 185
A4. UN Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees, Report of the Secretary-General on Israeli Settlements in the Occupied Palestinian Territories, New York, 5 November 2008 (excerpts) Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9, p. 190
Arab B1. Palestinian Authority Pres. Mahmud Abbas, "Israel and Palestine Can Still Achieve Peace," Ramallah, September 2008 (excerpts) Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9, p. 195
B2. Palestinian Factions and Refugee Organizations, Open Letter to President Abbas on the Palestinian Refugee Rights and Final Status Negotiations, Ramallah, 22 September 2008 (excerpts) Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9, p. 196
B3. Palestinian Authority PM Salam al-Fayyad, Remarks on the Palestinian-Israeli Peace Negotiations, Washington, 12 October 2008 (excerpts) Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9, p. 197
Israel C1. B'Tselem and HaMoked, Report on New Measures Dividing the West Bank and Gaza Strip, Jerusalem, 10 September 2008 (excerpts) Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9, p. 200
C2. Nahum Barnea, Report on Israeli-PA Security Coordination Meeting, 19 September 2008 (excerpts) Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9, p. 202
C3. Israeli PM Ehud Olmert, Interview with Yedi'ot Aharonot, Jerusalem, 29 September 2008 (excerpts) Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9, p. 203
C4. Israeli PM Ehud Olmert, Address to the Special Knesset Session on the Anniversary of Yitzhak Rabin's Assassination, Jerusalem, 10 November 2008 (excerpts) Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9, p. 206
16 August - 15 November Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9, p. 208 Michele K. Esposito
Michele K. Esposito
16 August - 15 November
Michele K. Esposito
Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9 (Winter 2009), p. 208
Chronology
This section is part 100 of a chronology begun in JPS 13, no. 3 (Spring 1984). For a more comprehensive overview of events related to the al-Aqsa intifada and of regional and international developments related to the peace process, see the Quarterly Update on Conflict and Diplomacy in this issue.
16 AUGUST
As the quarter opens, a 6-mo. Hamas-Israel cease-fire in the Hamas-controlled Gaza Strip, which began on 6/19/08, remains in effect, with occasional cross-border incidents reported (see Quarterly Update in JPS 149 for background). Israel, however, maintains a tight closure on Gaza Strip (imposed since 1/08), allowing only the minimum amount of food, fuel, and basic humanitarian aid to enter and permitting no exports or individuals to leave. During the day, Israeli naval vessels pursue Palestinian fishing boats off the Gaza coast, confiscating 1, temporarily detaining 2 fishermen. In the West Bank, controlled by the Fatah-led Palestinian Authority (PA), the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) fire tear gas at, beat Palestinians holding a nonviolent demonstration against the separation wall in Dayr al-Bhussun nr. Tulkarm; conduct late-night arrest raids, house searches in and around Hebron, nr. Jenin. Jewish settlers fr. Kiryat Arba and the nearby Beit HaShalom outpost in Hebron's Wadi al-Nassara neighborhood (comprising the al-Rajabi building seized in 4/08 and surrounding land seized last quarter; see Quarterly Update in JPS 149) attack Palestinians and their property in Wadi al-Nassara, wounding 1 Palestinian. (OCHA 8/20; PCHR 8/21)
17 AUGUST
The Israeli cabinet approves the release of 200 Palestinian prisoners as a gesture to PA Pres. Mahmud Abbas to encourage progress in ongoing final status negotiations (see Quarterly Update in JPS 149 for background). In the West Bank, the IDF patrols in, fires on residential areas of Tulkarm, causing no reported injuries; conducts house searches nr. Hebron. Jewish settlers fr. Eitza'il nr. Hebron attack several nearby Palestinian shepherds and their sheep. (IFM 8/17; WP 8/18; NYT 8/19; OCHA 8/20; PCHR 8/21)
18 AUGUST
Israel opens the Kerem Shalom commercial crossing into Gaza for the first time since 4/08, when a Palestinian suicide bomber struck there; 15 trucks carrying humanitarian aid enter Gaza. Israel says it will allow around 80 trucks to enter over the next few days as a "trial run" prior to reopening the crossing for regular imports as part of the 6/19 cease-fire deal with Hamas. In the West Bank, the IDF searches homes and shops in Tulkarm, making no arrests; conducts late-night arrest raids, house searches in and around Nablus, in Jenin town and refugee camp (r.c.), and nr. Hebron. As part of a new crackdown on Hamas in Hebron, PA security officials inform the head of the privately run Islamic Charitable Association (ICA), allegedly affiliated with Hamas, that the PA has removed the organization's governing board and replaced it with a governing body comprising exclusively of Fatah mbrs. to run the charity and its affiliated orphanage and boarding school (see Quarterly Update for details). (OCHA, WP, WT 8/20; PCHR 8/21; AHR 8/23)
19 AUGUST
In the West Bank, the IDF patrols in, fires on residential areas of Tammun village nr. Tubas, then fires on stone-throwing youths who confront them, wounding 2 (ages 10, 12); conducts late-night arrest raids, house searches in and around Bethlehem and Jenin, in Hebron, outside Jerusalem. (OCHA 8/20; PCHR 8/21)
20 AUGUST
In the West Bank, the IDF bars Palestinian workers fr. paving a road inside al-Walaja village nr. Bethlehem, stating that the area is under the jurisdiction of Israel's Jerusalem municipal authority; this marks the 1st clear indication that Israel plans to annex the area to Jerusalem after its separation wall, which is planned to bisect al-Walaja, is completed. The IDF also makes daytime raids on 3 radio and TV stations in Hebron, arresting employees and confiscating broadcasting equipment; conducts late-night arrest raids, house searches in and around Jenin and Nablus, nr. Hebron and Ramallah, and in Nur al-Shams r.c. nr. Tulkarm. (PCHR 8/2; OCHA 8/27; PCHR 8/28)
21 AUGUST
In the West Bank, IDF undercover units enter Kafr Qallil nr. Nablus in the afternoon, driving vehicles with Palestinian license plates, to capture 2 wanted Palestinians (1 a mbr. of military wing of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine [PFLP], the other of the al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade [AMB]). The IDF also issues a military order confiscating Palestinian land in Hebron for construction of a settler-only bypass road and military outpost; fires tear gas, rubber-coated steel bullets at Palestinian, Israeli, international peace activists taking part in a nonviolent demonstration against the separation wall in Ni`lin, injuring 10; conducts late-night arrest raids, house searches in and around Nablus, nr. Bethlehem and Ramallah. (OCHA 8/27; PCHR 8/28)
22 AUGUST
In the West Bank, the IDF patrols in Ramallah and neighboring al-Bireh; fires tear gas, rubber-coated steel bullets at Palestinian, Israeli, international peace activists taking part in a nonviolent demonstration in Ni`lin (10s suffer fr. tear gas inhalation); conducts late-night arrest raids, house searches in and around Silwad nr. Ramallah, nr. Bethlehem; fires tear gas, skunk spray (see Quarterly Update in JPS 149) at Palestinian, Israeli, international peace activists taking part in a similar nonviolent demonstration against the separation wall in Bil`in. Separately, Jewish settlers fr. Matityahu settlement nr. Ramallah fire on a Palestinian home in Bil`in, causing no injuries. In 2 incidents in East Jerusalem, Jewish settlers vandalize 20 graves in a Muslim cemetery; attempt to seize a strip of Palestinian land, but are chased off by local Palestinians. (OCHA 8/27; PCHR 8/28)
23 AUGUST
In the West Bank, the IDF conducts late-night arrest raids, house searches nr. Bethlehem. More than 40 human rights activists fr. 17 countries (including Israel) organized by the U.S.-based Free Gaza Movement (FGM) complete a 2-day voyage fr. Cyprus to Gaza, sailing in 2 boats carrying humanitarian aid, to challenge Israel's blockade; the Israeli navy allows the boats to pass unchallenged (see Quarterly Update for details). (NYT 8/24; OCHA 8/27; PCHR 8/28; WP 8/29)
24 AUGUST
In the West Bank, the IDF conducts predawn patrols in Tulkarm town and r.c.; conducts late-night arrest raids, house searches in and around Ramallah, nr. Bethlehem and Jenin; conducts late-night patrols in al-Fara`a r.c. and Tammun village nr. Tubas. Jewish settlers fr. Brakha settlement nr. Nablus burn 7 dunams (d.; 4 d. = 1 acre) of Palestinian agricultural land. Jewish settlers fr. Keddumim nr. Qalqilya stone Palestinian vehicles passing by the settlement, causing no injuries; the IDF removes them. In Hebron, a group of Jewish settlers beats 2 Palestinians. As the Palestinian school yr. begins, the Ramallah-based, Fatah-run Palestinian Teachers' Union calls on Gaza's 10,000 teachers and school administrators to strike to protest Hamas's de facto rule, acknowledging that the strike is, in part, intended to disrupt life in Gaza and weaken the Hamas government; the PA pledges to continue to pay the teachers' salaries as long as they observe the strike, which lasts through the end of the quarter (see Quarterly Update for details); Hamas authorities quickly begin contracting 1,000s of substitute teachers to keep schools running. (OCHA 8/27; PCHR 8/28; WT 10/15)
25 AUGUST
U.S. Secy. of State Condoleezza Rice arrives in Israel for a 2-day visit to press Israel and the PA for a joint statement on the peace process before the end of Pres. George W. Bush's term (see Quarterly Update for details). Hrs. before her arrival, Israel releases 198 Palestinian prisoners as a gesture to Abbas, including 2 long-held prisoners given life sentences for murdering Israelis: Said al-Atba (a mbr. of the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine [DFLP] convicted in 1977) and Muhammad Abu Ali (convicted in 1980; elected to the PA legislature representing Fatah while jailed); none of those released are fr. Hamas. In Gaza, Palestinians fire 2 rockets into Israel, causing no damage or injuries. In the West Bank, the IDF conducts late-night arrest raids, house searches in and around Jenin town and r.c., in Dahaysha r.c. nr. Bethlehem, nr. Hebron. Jewish settlers fr. Susia in Hebron destroy a Palestinian olive crop nearby. (NYT 8/26; OCHA 8/27; PCHR 8/28)
Winter 2008 Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9, p. 228 compiled by Norbert Scholz
Norbert Scholz
Winter 2008
compiled by Norbert Scholz
Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 38, no. 9 (Winter 2009), p. 228
Bibliography of Periodical Literature
This section lists articles and reviews of books relevant to Palestine and the Arab-Israeli conflict. Entries are classified under the following headings: Reference and General; History (through 1948) and Geography; Palestinian Politics and Society; Jerusalem; Israeli Politics, Society, and Zionism; Arab and Middle Eastern Politics; International Relations; Law; Military; Economy, Society, and Education; Literature, Arts, and Culture; Book Reviews; and Reports Received.
REFERENCE AND GENERAL
‘Abd al-Hadi, ‘Alaa. "On Culture and Civilization" [in Arabic]. ShA, no. 135 (Fall 08): 136-57.
Berger, Lutz. "Mit der Waffe des Islams gegen Zionisten und Anthropomorphisten: Die politische Relevanz mittelalterlicher Theologie im ibaditischen Islam der Gegenwart." WdI 48, no. 2 (08): 222-39.
Blanc, Pierre. "La place des chretiens dans les societes arabes: histoire et actualite d'une longue quete." CM, no. 66 (Sum. 08): 9-25.
Chamussy, Henri. "Le dialogue islamochretien au Moyen-Orient." CM, no. 66 (Sum. 08): 179-90.
Courbage, Youssef. "D´emographie des communaut´es chr´etiennes au Proche-Orient: une approche historique." CM, no. 66 (Sum. 08): 27-44.
Jamal, Ahmad M. "The Contemporary Political Dictionary" [in Arabic]. ShA, no. 135 (Fall 08): 92-101.
Kundnani, Arun. "Islamism and the Roots of Liberal Rage." Race and Class 50, no. 2 (Oct.-Dec. 08): 40-68.
Kuntzel, Matthias. "Suicide Terrorism and Islam." AFPI 30, no. 4 (Jul. 08): 227-32.
Ma?la, Joseph. "Reflexions sur les chretiens d'Orient." CM, no. 66 (Sum. 08): 191-204.
Qandil, Amani. "Global Civil Society and Development" [in Arabic]. SD 44, no. 174 (Oct. 08): 60-65.
Tibi, Bassam. "Why They Can't Be Democratic." JD 19, no. 3 (Jul. 08): 43-48.
HISTORY (THROUGH 1948) AND GEOGRAPHY
Abdulfattah, Kamal. "Throne Villages of the Highlands: Local Nobility and Their Mansions in Ottoman Palestine." Near Eastern Archaeology 70, no. 1 (Mar. 08): 43-50.
Arielli, Nir. "Italian Involvement in the Arab Revolt in Palestine, 1936-1939." BRIJMES 35, no. 2 (Aug. 08): 187-204.
Avnery, Uri. "1948." PIJPEC 15, nos. 1-2 (08): 78-82.
Barker, James. "Policing Palestine." History Today 58, no. 6 (Jun. 08): 52-59.
Evron, Boas. "1948: A Memoir." PIJPEC 15, nos. 1-2 (08): 99-102.
Frantzman, Seth J., and Ruth Kark. "General Gordon, the Palestine Exploration Fund and the Origins of ‘Gordon's Calvary' in the Holy Land." Palestine Exploration Quarterly 140, no. 2 (Jul. 08): 119-36.
Green, Abigail. "The British Empire and the Jews: An Imperialism of Human Rights?" Past and Present 199, no. 1 (May 08): 175-205.
---. "Nationalism and the ‘Jewish International': Religious Internationalism in Europe and the Middle East c. 1840-c. 1880." CSSH 50, no. 2 (Apr. 08): 535-58.
Guesnet, Francois. "Sensitive Travelers: Jewish and Non-Jewish Visitors from Eastern Europe to Palestine between the Two World Wars." JIsH 27, no. 2 (Sep. 08): 171-89.
Hamuda, Samih. "Daud Husayni's Papers: The Hidden Side of the Palestinian Struggle during the British Mandate" [in Arabic]. HQ, no. 6 (Win.-Spr. 08): 5-22.
Khalidi, Walid. "Nasser's Memoir of the First Palestine War" [in Arabic]. MDF, nos. 74-75 (Spr.-Sum. 08): 78-112.
Malsagne, Stephane. "L'armee libanaise dans la guerre de Palestine (1948-1949): vers un renouveau historiographique." CM, no. 66 (Sum. 08): 207-19.
Manna, Adel. "The Story of Zahra al-Ja‘uniya" [in Arabic]. HQ, no. 6 (Win.-Spr. 08): 67-81.
Metzer, Jacob. "Jewish Immigration to Palestine in the Long 1920s: An Exploratory Examination." JIsH 27, no. 2 (Sep. 08): 221-51.
Norris, Jacob. "Repression and Rebellion: Britain's Response to the Arab Revolt in Palestine of 1936-39." Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History 36, no. 1 (Mar. 08): 25-45.
Ronen, Yitzhak. "The Question of Arab Solidarity in the 1948 War: Political Interests versus Military Considerations." Mediterranean Quarterly 19, no. 2 (Spr. 08): 19-46.
Seltenreich, Yair. "Cultural Aspects of Philanthropy: Belle ´Epoque Administrators and Jewish Peasants in the Galilee." Mediterranean Historical Review 23, no. 1 (Jun. 08): 35-51.
PALESTINIAN POLITICS AND SOCIETY
AbuZayyad, Ziyad. "Nakba and Independence: Two Sides of the Same Coin." PIJPEC 15, nos. 1-2 (08): 4-6.
Alshaer, Atef. "Towards a Theory of Culture of Communication: The Fixed and the Dynamic in Hamas' Communicated Discourse." MEJCC 1, no. 2 (08): 101-21.
Andezian, Sossie. "Palestiniens chretiens et construction nationale." CM, no. 66 (Sum. 08): 59-71.
Awkal, Talal. "Gaza inside the Triangle of Destruction: Division, Siege, and Aggression" [in Arabic]. MDF, nos. 74-75 (Spr.-Sum. 08): 25-31.
Bistofli, Robert. "Affrontements identitaires et proselytisme religieux." CM, no. 66 (Sum. 08): 223-27.
Brym, Robert J., and Bader Araj. "Palestinian Suicide Bombing Revisited: A Critique of the Outbidding Thesis." PSQ 123, no. 3 (Fall 08): 485-500.
Butniji, Ayyad. "The Palestinian Political System: A Crisis of Elites" [in Arabic]. SD 44, no. 174 (Oct. 08): 8-17.
Collins, John. "Democratic Palestine." MER 38, no. 3 (Fall 08): 8-13.
Dakkak, Ibrahim. "Haydar ‘Abd al-Shafi in Our Memory" [in Arabic]. HQ, no. 6 (Win.-Spr. 08): 61-66.
Diab, Khansaa, and Ehud Bar-Shalom. "Palestinians in Israel: Guests or Partners?" [in Arabic]. QI, no. 29 (08): 63-74.
Farraj, Khalid. "The Road to Hebron" [in Arabic]. HQ, no. 6 (Win.-Spr. 08): 82-89.
---. "The Road to Hebron." MER 38, no. 3 (Fall 08): 16-17.
Feldman, Ilana. "Waiting for Palestine: Refracted Citizenship and Latent Sovereignty in Gaza." Citizenship Studies 12, no. 5 (Oct. 08): 447-63.
Gandolfo, K. L. "The Political and Social Identities of the Palestinian Christian Community in Jordan." MEJ 62, no. 3 (Sum. 08): 437-55.
Hanafi, Sari. "Refugies palestiniens, citoyennete et etat-nation." Hommes et Migrations 3-4, no. 1272 (08): 22-43.
Humphries, Isabelle. "Listening to the Displaced Narrative: Politics, Power and Grassroots Communication amongst Palestinians inside Israel." MEJCC 1, no. 2 (08): 180-96.
Johnson, Penny. "‘Violence All around Us': Dilemmas of Global and Local Agendas Addressing Violence against Palestinian Women." Cultural Dynamics 20, no. 2 (08): 119-32.
Al-Ju‘beh, Nazmi. "Shaykh Hasan Labdi: Seven Scenes fromLost Memory" [in Arabic]. HQ, no. 6 (Win.-Spr. 08): 47-60.
Khalidi, Ahmad S. "The Present Palestinian Dilemma: How Did We Get Here and What to Do?" [in Arabic]. MDF, nos. 74-75 (Spr.-Sum. 08): 5-14.
Kuttab, Eileen. "Palestinian Women's Organizations: Global Cooption and Local Contradiction." Cultural Dynamics 20, no. 2 (08): 99-118.
Al-Labadi, Fatwa. "Controversy: Secular and Islamist Women in Palestinian Society." European Journal of Women's Studies 15, no. 3 (08): 181-202.
Lagerquist, Peter. "In the Labyrinth of Solitude: Time, Violence, and the Eternal Frontier." MER 38, no. 3 (Fall 08): 24-31.
Majdalani, Ahmad. "A Unilateral Declaration of Independence." PIJPEC 15, nos. 1-2 (08): 166-69.
Miari, Mahmud. "The Development of Palestinian Identity on Both Sides of the Green Line" [in Arabic]. MDF, nos. 74-75 (Spr.-Sum. 08): 41-61.
Peteet, Julie. "Stealing Time." MER 38, no. 3 (Fall 08): 14-15.
Qumsiyeh, Mazin. "The Next 60 Years for Palestine." PIJPEC 15, nos. 1-2 (08): 181-86.
Qurei‘, Ahmad. "Commemorating the Nakba." PIJPEC 15, nos. 1-2 (08): 10-13.
Salem, Walid. "Palestinian Contemporary Political Performance: A Bitter Harvest." PIJPEC 15, nos. 1-2 (08): 70-77.
Sharif, Maher. "The Nakba and Its Meaning in the Critical Mind" [in Arabic]. MDF, nos. 74-75 (Spr.-Sum. 08): 15-24.
Sorek, Tamir. "Cautious Commemoration: Localism, Communalism, and Nationalism in Palestinian Memorial Monuments in Israel." CSSH 50, no. 2 (Apr. 08): 337-68.