CIAO DATE: 02/2011
Volume: 12, Issue: 4
Summer 2010
Editorial (PDF)
Terry Terriff, John Ferris, Jim Keeley
In April 2010, the Centre for Military and Strategic Studies (CMSS) convened a conference, Canadian Reserves on Operations: Lessons Learned, in cooperation with the Chief, Reserves, Canadian Forces and the Canadian Defence & Foreign Affairs Institute (CDFAI). The CMSS would like to thank its sponsors, the Canadian Forces, the Security and Defence Forum of the Department of National Defence and the University of Calgary for their generous support of this project. This conference examined the current roles of the Canadian Forces (CF) Reserves in all aspects of Canadian defence, with special reference to the current tempo of operations. Military and academic experts from across North America discussed the challenges faced by CF reservists, within both their military and civilian careers and lives, especially the issues of sustainment and retention within the framework of domestic and international or expeditionary operations. Discussions between panelists and participants, especially several young reservists in the audience, were open and frank.
Germany and Sea Power in the 20th Century (PDF)
Today sea power, or to be more precise, naval power is just as much one of the most important prerequisites of political, social, and economic stability in Germany as it is in the whole West. The threats of terrorism and piracy have highlighted the vulnerability of Western Society in every respect. In a globalized world, without safe passage of food and goods these societies would suffer heavy losses threatening the proper working of highly industrialized societies dependent upon the timely supply of raw materials or spare parts as well as the safe passage of manufactured goods and food. Unlike the history of the other Western powers, the history of Germany and sea power is – at least as far as the first half of the 20th century is concerned – a history of failure and seminal disaster. One of the main reasons for this judgment is that Germany developed a concept of world and sea power, which eventually contributed to the tensions leading to the outbreak of World War I. In the last decades of the 19th century Germany’s political and naval leadership decided to revolutionize the international system in order to bequeath Britain as the world’s leading power. Since sea power was the main pillar of Britain’s power, they tried to follow her example by building up a powerful fleet. This strategy failed completely. The assumption that Britain could not out-build the Imperial Navy for lack of both finances as well as of men to man the vessels was a prerequisite of Tirpitz’s progamme. This assumption, however, soon proved wrong. In 1908/09 the British Admiralty took up the gauntlet which Tirpitz had thrown into its face by ordering not only four, but even eight new vessels of the “Dreadnought”-type, thus effectively doubling Germany’s annual building-rate at that time. More importantly, the Admiralty soon accepted the offer of some of Britain’s colonies and dominions to share the financial burden of their mother country to defend the empire.
Inexpensive Leadership: On Canada's Global Normative Position and Its Potentials (PDF)
S. Amir Mirtaheri
The paper deals with the apparent gap between Canada's considerable reservoir of international social capital on the one hand and its lack of visibility on the global stage on the other. It argues that Canada has certain advantages compared to other western powers to become a normative great power. To assume such position of (non-traditional) global leadership, however, Canada needs to break loose from lingering legacies of the Cold War and especially from middle-powerism. This can be facilitated by a departure from Cold-War Realism to post-Cold War Constructivism\Realism. The paper reviews the attempt to make the human security discourse a normative framework of Canada's foreign policy and analyzes its failure. Based on the insights provided by this analysis, the paper proposes two strategic normative discourses for a Canadian bid for global leadership. These include green lifestyle and multiculturalism. The paper also provides examples to show how the two can be put into concrete actions.
Reserves on Operations (PDF)
Major General Dennis Tabbernor
First of all, on behalf of the chief of defence staff, General Walter Natynczyk, I’d like to welcome you and thank Doctor David Bercuson and his staff, for organizing this conference. Today’s conference is but one of a number of conferences that Dr. Bercuson and the centre for military and strategic studies have organized over the years to examine the role of the reserves in today’s ever changing world, and I have been fortunate to have attended all of them. General Natynczyk sends his best wishes for the success of the conference and his regrets. He has a killer schedule that does not permit him to be with us today.
Operational Stress and Retention (PDF)
Dr. Harvey Smith
Before I begin, I should qualify my remarks by stating that my work has predominately focused on the treatment and rehabilitation of released or about to be released members who have serious, complex or chronic mental health problems arising from their service. Opening and operating one of the Operational Stress Injury Clinics under contract to Veterans Affairs Canada has been very rewarding experience and the professional highlight of my career. My interaction with, and understanding of, the Canadian Forces, its medical system, Reserve units and Military Family Support Centres and Integrated Personnel Support Centres has been via that that frame of reference. It’s important to remember that my comments arise from that experience and are given through that lens. I am very aware that I am speaking as someone who is somewhat an outsider to the Canadian Forces, and am less informed than you about many things that are happening within the CF. Nevertheless I hope that my comments and observations will be complementary to the other voices you have heard, and of some value.
Sustainment of Reserve Service (PDF)
I will look at a topic that was touched on somewhat obliquely yesterday, namely what the implications are of the current and anticipated pace of Reserve service for deployments and training for both Reservists and their civilian employers. I will concentrate on the more theoretical and strategic aspects, including giving you some details on Job Protection Legislation for Reservists; the challenges being faced both because of the legislation and for other reasons; and what the Canadian Forces Liaison Council (CFLC) is doing to meet these challenges in the short and longer terms. My CFLC colleague, Diane Colley-Urquhart, will speak more specifically on the experiences of the City of Calgary.
Stewarding Engagement, Harnessing Knowledge: Keeping the Future in Reserves (PDF)
John Verdon
The foundation of this paper is based on work that supported the Chief Military Personnel (CMP) Fight of the Future HR2028 project, examining the possible future implications for the military personnel system within a 20 year horizon. This paper aims to explore the implications of key drivers of change upon the future of military personnel management in the CF and the Reserves. There are of course, many other factors existing today as well as those that will emerge in the future that will shape culture, society, systems and organizations in unpredictable ways. As well, there will be many unpredictable challenges posed by the Future Security Environment. However, the future of the workplace and personnel management in the CF will be significantly influenced by at least four major interacting factors – one demographic and three technological trends:
Preparing a Reserve Platoon for Operations: Lessons Learned (PDF)
David Turnbull
Distinguished guests, fellow reservists, and to my colleagues on the panel, thank you for taking the time to take in this panel on our varied experiences on recent on operations. I think my own experience is now becoming a bit dated as I returned home from TF 1-08 in early November 2008 and the army is now launching TF 1-10 out the door. However, that being said, I will not be deterred from covering a few points. Before getting started, here is some initial background to put my experiences in context. My role on TF 1-08 was a second-in-command of a Force Protection Pl in the National Support Element (NSE). Our platoon had two main tasks that we shared with a sister Pl that trained in Shilo with 2 PPCLI – one, convoy escort on Combat Logistic Patrols (CLPs) and secondly, the manning and securing of Entry Control Point (ECP) 3, the main entry point into Kandahar Airfield (KAF). Our Platoon reported to Edmonton at the beginning of April 2007, rotated overseas during February – March 2008, and was rotated out September – October 2008.
Domestic Operations and Reserves (PDF)
Gerry Champagne
Provide a robust Command capable of delivering a comprehensive, integrated, adaptive, and networked force to deter, prevent, pre-empt and defeat threats and aggression aimed at Canada and North America as well as supporting civilian authorities for the security, stability and support of North America and its approaches.
Canadian Naval Reserves on Operations (PDF)
Robert Blakely
WHERE IS THE NAVAL RESERVE TODAY?(A summary)
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KINGSTON Class Ships, PSUs, Dive Units, NCAGS, Int, HQ, NRD's, Ashore Support
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Domestic OPS (e.g. PODIUM, NANOOK)
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International OPS (TFA, Proteus, etc.)
Domestic Operations: Air Reserves (PDF)
Eldren Thuen
An Air Reserve integral to the capability of Canada's Air Force -ready to serve when and where most needed, at home and abroad.
To provide a flexible, responsive and reliable contribution to Air Force capabilities where and when required.
Domestic Ops in the Arctic (PDF)
Robert Huebert
• Canada is still learning how to conduct Ops in the Arctic – both regular and reserves • All Ops must be “Whole-of-Canada” by virtue of the Arctic Reality • The role played by Canadian Rangers is both unique and essential • The Arctic is in a state of massive transformation –need for CF in Arctic will be increasing
Canadian Expeditionary Force Command (PDF)
Alain Gauthier
• Overview of CEFCOM • Current CF Operations • Reserve’s contribution to Intl Ops • Questions and Discussion
COS Land Reserves: Army Reserves Lessons Learned (PDF)
Patrick Kelly
visionOutlineThe Army Reserve TodayDeployment statisticsLessons LearnedImpacts on the Army Reserve
Expeditionary Operations Panel: Canadian Forces Health Services Reserves (PDF)
Kristiana Stevens
•Health Services Reserves –Organization/Demographics •Deployment Stats •Lessons Learned & Impact on:RecruitingTrainingDeployment Retention •Future
Reserve Sustainment Issues (PDF)
Gerry Blais
1. Retention 2. Update on a variety of issues 3. Family Support 4. Care of the ill and injured and families of the fallen
Evidence-based Research Support for Sustainable Primary Reserve Personnel Policy (PDF)
Kyle Fraser
• Overview of recent DGMPRA research related to the Primary Reserve • Challenges with studies of the Primary Reserve • Way Ahead: Primary Reserve Continuous Attitude Survey 2010/11
Retention Panel:CF Health Services & the Primary Reserve (PDF)
Kristiana Stevens
•Overview of Res Injuries/Fatalities from TF Afghanistan •PRes Health Benefits:Ombudsman Report 2008 QR & O 34.07 Periodic Health Assessments Immunizations Medical Records Annuitant Breaks •Surgeon General’s Interim Guidance •New Veteran’s Charter -VAC
The Reserves, Afghanistan and Retention (PDF)
Brent Wilson
John Verdon
Aim: Lessons learned from the future The Future is less about its discovery and more about its invention Key trends of importance for people and organizations –Demographic –Technology -pace & frontiers –Techno-Economic –Techno-Socio/Cultural Some Implications and Recommendation