Tracking Nuclear Proliferation: A Guide in Maps and Charts, 1998, by Rodney W. Jones, Mark G. McDonough, Toby Dalton, and Gregory Koblentz

 

Pakistan: Nuclear Infrastructure

NAME/LOCATION OF FACILITY	TYPE/STATUS	IAEA SAFEGUARDS
NUCLEAR WEAPONS R&D COMPLEX
Khan Research Laboratories (KRL), Kahuta	Fabrication of HEU into nuclear weapon.	No
Chagai Hills	Possible nuclear test site.	No
Pakistan Ordnance Factory, Wah	Possible nuclear weapons assembly site.	No
POWER REACTORS
KANUPP, Karachi	Heavy-water, natural U, 137 MWe; operating.	Yes
Chasma-1	Light-water, LEU, 310 MWe; under construction.	Planned
Chasma-2	Light-water, LEU, 310 MWe; planned.	Planned
RESEARCH REACTORS
Pakistan Atomic Research Reactor 1 (PARR 1), Rawalpindi	Light-water, originally HEU, modified to use LEU, 9 MWt; operating.	Yes
PARR 2, Rawalpindi	Pool-type, light-water, HEU, 30 KWt; operating.	Yes
Research/Plutonium Production Reactor, Khushab	Heavy-water, natural U, 50 MWt; under construction, expected completion 1998.	No
URANIUM ENRICHMENT
Khan Research Laboratories (KRL), Kahuta	Large-scale ultracentrifuge facility; operating (no current production of weapons-grade uranium).	No
Sihala	Experimental-scale ultracentrifuge facility; operating.	No
Golra	Ultracentrifuge plant reportedly to be used as testing facility; operational status unknown.	No
Wah	Enrichment plant, under construction, possibly with Chinese assistance.
REPROCESSING (PLUTONIUM EXTRACTION)
Chasma	Terminated by France (1978); indigenous construction of the building shell may be nearly complete; reportedly not equipped.	No
New Labs, PINSTECH, Rawalpindi	Pilot-scale, "hot cell" facility; design capacity up to 20 kg/y.	No
PINSTECH, Rawalpindi	Experimental-scale lab for research on solvent extraction.	No
URANIUM PROCESSING
Baghalchar	Uranium mining; operating.	N/A (Not Applicable)
Dera Ghazi Khan	Uranium mining and milling; operating.	N/A
Isa Khel	Uranium ore processing; planned.	N/A
Qabul Khel, near Isa Khel	Uranium mining and milling; operating.	N/A
Lahore	Uranium milling; operating.	N/A
Dera Ghazi Khan	Uranium conversion (UF6); operating.	No
Chasma/Kundian	Fuel fabrication; operating.	No
HEAVY-WATER PRODUCTION
Multan	Operating.	No
Karachi	Operating.	No

 

Abbreviations:

HEU = highly enriched uranium

LEU = low-enriched uranium

nat. U = natural uranium

MWe = millions of watts of electrical output

MWt = millions of watts of thermal output

KWt = thousands of watts of thermal output

 

Tracking Nuclear Proliferation: A Guide in Maps and Charts, 1998